Spottings of pets, domesticated or caged animals and garden plants are not eligible for this mission. S retd this book contains description of all forest trees in peninsular india and most of srilanka too. Western ghats is a series of hills, valleys, mountains that form a part of the south western part of india. This unique ecosystem has been threatened by continuously. Indias western ghats is one of 25 biodiversity hot spots in the world and is home to the kudremukh national park, an area characterized by rich evergreen forest and significant populations of endangered species, including the liontailed macaque and tiger. The main types of soils met with in the western ghats are. Flowering plants of the western ghats efloraofindia. Sandalwood is found in the drier regions in south india, in the states of karnataka and tamil nadu, up to 1400 m.
The three parts of western ghats which are northern western ghats, central western ghats and southern western ghats are comprehensively explained with. Serial nomination of the western ghats of india unesco world. The uplift of the western part of the continent had several repercussions it explains the orientation of the big rivers of the plateau towards the east. Buy flora of the southern western ghats and palnis book. Flora of western ghats, india welcome to worlds first website on flora of western ghats. State of biodiversity in maharashtra erach bharucha director bharati vidyapeeth institute of environment education and research, pune email.
Forest trees of the western ghats authored by neginhal s. At least 325 globally threatened species occur here. Analysis of threatened endemic trees of the western ghats of india. We examined the species richness and distribution patterns of reptiles inhabiting the central western ghats moun. This is an ancient species which is endemic to southern western ghats is thought to have evolved around 26 million years ago during the midoligocene key highlights. When we think of the western ghats, we often think of kerala or karnataka, maharashtra or goa however many forget that some of the most popular hill stations and forests in tamil nadu are part of this bio diversity hotspot and unesco world heritage site. The three parts of western ghats which are northern western ghats, central western ghats and southern western ghats are comprehensively explained with appropriate pictorial representations. The western ghats, also known as the sahyadri hills, are well known for their rich and unique assemblage of flora and fauna. Spread over ten days, this tour takes you through rural india into the hills that make up the high biodiversity zone called the western ghats.
Digital herbarium of angiospermic plants of western ghats of. Media in category flora of the western ghats the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. It receives an annual rainfall of between 2,000 mm. Western ghats world heritage site pictures, info and. This project covers prominent tree species and shrubs from 10 districts, located in western ghat regions of maharashtra, viz. With deciduous and tropical rainforests, montane forests, grasslands and scrub forests, the region has one of the richest collection of flora and fauna on earth and has been designated as one of the world. The amazing wildlife in the rainforests of western ghats. Copyright 2016 diversity of agaric mycota of western ghats. The western ghats of kerala region is comprised with thirteen administrative districts and is a store house of agriculture economy. The western side of the western ghats is on the threshold of southwest monsoon and receives a rainfall of 203254 cm, and the eastern side lies in the rainshadow area of the peninsula. The western ghats,also known as sahyadri,is a range more or less parallel to the western coast of india. Aug 04, 2016 discover the western ghats in tamil nadu.
Pdf flowering plants of the western ghats, india vol. The range starts near the border of gujarat and maharashtra, south of the tapti river, and runs approximately 1600 km through the states of maharashtra, goa, karnataka. Recommendation western ghats and wild life preservation. Tree flora in eastern ghats of southern peninsular india. Pdf butterflies of western ghats second edition 2018 3. Within this mountainous area, which covers around 140,000km 2 and stretches some 1,600 km through india, there are at least 325 globally. However, the farming communities are poor and holding an average of 1 to 5 acres of land and intensive agriculture is practiced. This lesson helps one yield indepth knowledge about western and eastern ghats. They are more or less parallel to the western coast of india. The western ghats or sahyadri mountains run along the western edge of indias deccan plateau, and separate the plateau from a narrow coastal plain along the arabian sea. The western ghats is one amongst the 25 biodiversity hotspots in the world. The forests in the western ghats are the water towers of peninsular india. The western ghats wg, also known by the name sahyadri, constitute a 1600km long, about 4565 million years old, mountain chain along the west coast of india, originating from south of tapti river near the border of gujarat and maharashtra, and extending up to kanyakumari, at the southernmost tip of the indian peninsula. They lie at a distance of about 50 to 80 om the coast.
The two ranges run roughly parallel to the bay of bengal and arabian sea coasts, respectively, from which they are separated by strips of fairly level coastal land. This book is a valuable field guide for identifying forest trees in the western and eastern ghats, deccan plateau and mangroves in southern india. Western ghats gallery unesco world heritage centre. Some plants have been discovered very recently in the last decade. Older than the himalaya mountains, the mountain chain of the western ghats represents geomorphic features of immense importance with unique biophysical and ecological processes. Pages in category fauna of the western ghats the following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. Among the 25 hot spots of the world, two are found in india extending into neighboring countries the western ghats sri lanka and the indoburma region covering the eastern himalayas. The western ghats meet the eastern ghats at the nilgiri mountains in northwestern tamil nadu. They are believed to have been formed during the breakup of the super continent of gondwana some 150 million years mya ago. Pdf the western ghats is one of the 34 global biodiversity hotspots and harbors a rich diversity of flora and fauna with many endemic and ret species find, read and cite all the research. General introduction biodiversity of western ghats india is recognized as one of the worlds 12 megabiodiversity nations. The rainforest of india runs parallel to the arabian sea along with west coast of india and form one of the top ten hottest biodiversity hotspots in the world.
Natural resource management in indias western ghats clark labs. Western ghats and sri lanka hotspot, one of 34 global biodiversity hotspots for conservation. The eastern ghats are older than the western ghats, and have a complex geologic history related to the assembly and breakup of the ancient supercontinent of rodinia and the assembly of the gondwana supercontinent. Their positioning makes the western ghats biologically rich and biogeographically unique a veritable treasure house of biodiversity. Norman myers included the western ghats amongst the 25 biodiversity hotspots identified in the world the western ghats extend from the satpura range in the north, go south past goa, through karnataka and into kerala and tamil nadu end at. The range starts just south of mumbai, where plateaus transform into flowerbeds after the monsoon rain. The western ghats are not true mountains, but are the faulted edge of the deccan plateau. Then she sheds light on the complete information pertaining to eastern ghats with clear illustrations. A total of 38 orchid specialists, botanists, conservationists and ecologists participated in the workshop. The range is known as sahyadri in maharashtra and karnataka. Western ghats, enchanting kerala, kerala tourism kerala. Exotic products of western ghats is carried to outside india through the.
Wikimedia commons has media related to flora of the western ghats. The western ghats is one of the eight hotspots of biological diversity in the world and is spread across six statesgujarat, maharashtra, goa, karnataka, tamil nadu and kerala. The range covers 60,000km 2 and forms the catchment area for a complex of river systems that drain almost 40% of india. Extensive field and literature survey of trees in eastern ghats yielded 560 tree taxa under 262 genera belonging to 80 families out of the estimated 2500 species of flowering plants in eastern ghats. Among the 25 hot spots of the world, two are found in india extending into neighboring countries the western ghatssri lanka and the indoburma region covering the eastern himalayas.
Western ghats endemics january 1219, 2019 mountains, the southern mountains are impressive in their own right, shooting from sea level to well over 8000 feet 2400m. The entire western ghats is known for its biodiversity, richness and endemism of different species. Digital herbarium of angiospermic plants of western ghats. It has rich and unique assemblage of flora and fauna mi ttermeier et al. Western ghatss 39 serial sites made it to the unesco world heritage list. The western ghats, also known as sahyadri benevolent mountains, are a mountain range. Ghats, two mountain ranges forming the eastern and western edges, respectively, of the deccan plateau of peninsular india. All birds seen in maharashtra, gujarat, goa, karnataka, tamilnadu and kerala states are eligible for this mission. The direct and indirect needs of around thirty crore people of these six states for drinking water and irrigation are invariably met by western ghats. The western ghats, also known as sahyadri benevolent mountains, are a mountain range that covers an area of 140,000 square kilometres 54,000 sq mi in a stretch of 1,600 kilometres 990 mi parallel to the western coast of the indian peninsula, traversing the states of kerala, tamil nadu, karnataka, goa, maharashtra and gujarat.
The western ghats of india are a series of mountain ranges extending for more than 16,000 km 2 on the western coast of peninsular india, harbouring one of the finest tropical forests in the world. The nilgiris connect the biligiriranga hills in southeastern karnataka with the shevaroys and tirumala hills. Western ghats receives an average of 3000 mm rainfall per annum and is a treasure house of exotic varieties of plants, a god given blessing to humanity. There are vast tea estates and pockets of shola cloud forest on the mountains, lush lowland rainforests in the western lowlands, and savannahlike dry forests in the.
Welcome to the lush western ghats, some of the most precious heat relief in india. Welcome to worlds first website on flora of western ghats. State of biodiversity in maharashtra western ghatsapn project. Also try to include a brief description about the subject along with the locationif available. The beautiful green valley is home to thousands of wild animal species including at least 325 globally threatened species. Rising like an impassable bulwark of evergreen and deciduous tangle, from north of mumbai to the tip of tamil nadu, the world heritagelisted ghats with an average elevation of 915m contain 27% of indias flowering plant species and an incredible array of endemic wildlife. Vegetation and phytogeography of the western ghats. Team of researchers, from indian institute of science iisc, bengaluru while attempting to study and classify snakes in western ghats discovered proahaetulla antiqua, a new vine snake species.
Location is to be accurately selected in map, this will help others to know where the birds are located. Forests, evergreen and deciduous forests, slopes of ghats, open areas, undergrowth in semievergreen forests, cultivated fields and plains. The western ghats travel tamil nadu, india lonely planet. The western ghats are a chain of highlands running along the western edge of the indian subcontinent, from bombay south to the southern tip of the. Senthilarasu g, kumaresan v 2016 diversity of agaric mycota of western ghats of karnataka, india. Endemic flowering plants of northern western ghats sahyadri ranges of india. About the western ghats the hill ranges of the western ghats, a global biodiversity hotspot, extend along the west coast of india from the river tapti in the north to the southern tip of india. What is the location of the western ghats in india. The range starts south of the tapti river near the border of gujarat and maharashtra, and runs approximately 1600 km through the states of maharashtra, goa, karnataka, kerala, and tamil nadu, almost to the southern tip of the. As many as 58 major rivers originate here, including the sacred godavari, the cauvery and the krishna. Although most of the peninsular rivers drain into the bay of bengal, their origin point is the western ghats. The western ghats are a chain of highlands running along the western edge of the indian subcontinent, from bombay south to the southern. Pdf endemic flowering plants of northern western ghats.
The western ghats or sahyadri runs north to south along the western edge of the deccan plateau, and separates the plateau from a narrow coastal plain along the arabian sea. Western ghats is a unique mountain system caressing five states in india covers approximately 1,60,000 sq km and runs nearly 1600 km. The range starts south of the tapti river near the border of gujarat and maharashtra, and runs approximately 1600 km through the states of maharashtra, goa, karnataka, kerala, and tamil nadu, almost to the. A new species, anisochilus propecephalus lamiaceae from kanyakumari, western ghats, india is described and. These volcanic upthrusts led to the formation of the northern third of the western ghats. The biogeographic zone of the western ghats is a 1,600 km long mountain range covering the states of gujarat, maharashtra, goa, karnataka, kerala, and tamil nadu. Eastern ghats are highly significant in terms of its biodiversity. Totally, 125 endemic orchids of the western ghats were assessed at the 5day workshop of which 98 species were endemic only to the western ghats and 27 had their range extending to eastern ghats also. Watershed mapping and land cover classification in indias western ghats. Butterflies of western ghats final draft the ebook can be downloaded free of cost and used on any smart phone or computer.
India birding tour western ghats endemics this india birding tour is for birders who would like to target the elusive endemics of the western ghats in south india. Data on plant species and their distribution in the western ghats are increasingly available, which permits us to crosscheck. Flora of the western ghats a major mountain range in western south india. Understorey shrub community, evergreen forests, western ghats, endemism, india. These are one of the worlds eight hottest biodiversity hotspots along with sri lanka myers et al. However, the western ghats do have passes such as the bhor ghat, pal ghat, and thal ghat which makes it possible to travel through the western ghats despite the fact that they are continuous.
Further south, the mountains get higher, and grassy mountaintops alternate with forests along ridges. What is the difference between eastern ghats and western. It is mucolytic and expectorant that helps to liquefy the mucus and forces them out of the respiratory tract to facilitate smooth breathing. The western ghats region of india is one of the most important areas for the conservation of biodiversity, its recognised as an unesco world heritage site and noted as one of the worlds eight hottest hotspots of biological diversity. These ghats act as a barrier for the rainladen southwest monsoon winds, thus, making the western ghats the main watershed of peninsular india. Western ghats is anamudi found in the idukki district of kerala. Exotic products of western ghats is carried to outside india through the silk route and arabian sea from ancient time onwards. The western ghats are one of the worlds biodiversity hotspots with over 5,000 flowering plants, 9 mammals, 508 birds and 179 amphibian species. This book contains description of all forest trees in peninsular india and most of srilanka too. The western ghats lies with the sahyadri mountains ranges along the western side of india and separates the deccan plateau from a narrow coastal plain of the arabian sea. The ghats are also home to special kind of fresh water swamps known as myristica swamps. Mar 31, 2018 the western ghats are located in the western part of peninsular india.
This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. Western ghats is a magnificent mountain range next only to himalayas and is a biological treasure trove with a high degree of endemism 11% to 78% and scenic beauty. The western ghats are home to more than 5000 species of plants and about 35% of these are endemic to this area. Flora of the western ghats a major mountain range in western south india subcategories. Digital herbarium of angiospermic plants of western ghats of maharashtra is a university grant commission, new delhi, funded project ugc reference no.
The eastern ghats are made up of charnockites, granite gneiss, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses and quartzite rock formations. Similarly, western ghats supports a good diversity of biologically i nteresting plants like the insectivorous species droseraceae, lentibulariaceae, pa rasitic plants lauraceae, cuscutaceae. Report of the western ghats ecology expert panel pdf. Western ghats also known as the great escarpment of india is home to wide ranges of wild animal and bird species. The biodiversity of the western ghats in pictures scidev. The western ghats biodiversity hotspot is a 1,600 kilometre mountain chain that runs parallel to indias west coast. Western ghats, considered one of the global biodiversity hotspots, has lost forest cover to the tune of 33,579 square km, or 35.
The western ghats are a chain of hills extending more than 1,600km along the west coast of india, separating goa from the state of karnataka. They form a complex ecosystem conserving water, supporting forests and a rich wildlife. Cons syrup by western ghats is an ayurvedic proprietary medicine. A field guide, written by environment enthusiast pippa mukherjee, is one of the first books of its kind, helping the readers to identify the wildflowers of the western ghats, from southern western ghats covering karnataka, kerala and tamil nadu to palni hills in tamil nadu. Seven subclusters of the western ghats in the states of kerala, tamil nadu. The book titled flora of the southern western ghats and palnis. Larval host plants of the buterfies of the western ghats, india. Biodiversity of western ghats india please mention habitat and provide descriptions when filling in spotttings. Pdf on dec, 2014, t v ramachandra and others published conservation and sustainable management of wetland ecosystems in western ghats find, read and cite all the research you need on. The major seven clusters of western ghats are agasthyamala, periyar, anamala, nilagiri, thalakkaveri, kudhramukh and sahyadri. Bhadra wildlife sanctuary is located at the northern end of the malabar ranges and the southern tip of the sahyadri ranges and bird species from both ranges can be seen here. Pdf conservation and sustainable management of wetland. Cons is a rational combination of herbs and spices that is proved excellent for cough. Nov 04, 2016 the book titled flora of the southern western ghats and palnis.
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